King Gardner Family History

Sources, Citations, and Notes

I believe Sources and Citations are provided for all facts and events. In many cases (books, vital statistics, parish records, census, wills, etc.), the Source and Citation will identify a specific page, image, or document to simplify your search for original materials or their image.

Many Sources are from FamilySearch, Ancestry, and ScotlandsPeople. For these, the Source and Citation generally identify the collection and specific image within FamilySearch, Ancestry, or ScotlandsPeople. As there are several online Sources for Censuses, their Source and Citation identify the district(s), page, and family number.

TNG displays most Source fields in the Citations as shown in the Sources section at the bottom of a Person or Family page. But, TNG does not display the Source's Repository. In some cases (e.g. the Repository "Library and Archives Canada"), you can not locate the original source without knowing the Repository. In these cases, you need to click on the Source link to see the Repository.

It is preferable to view and use original documents for your own Sources and Citations. If so, you are using the King Gardner Family History website simply as a Finding Aid, and you can choose whether or not to reference my website in your Sources.

If you use my website as your Source, then you should reference this website, perhaps as a Publisher or Repository.

As you research further into the past, there is usually less information available about your ancestors. In some cases, I deduced relationships (parent-child and husband-wife) and facts (dates, places, etc.). If so, I’ve explained my reasoning in my Citations and/or my Person or Marriage Notes. In my Citations and Notes, the use of ‘reasonable to conclude’ is stronger than ‘reasonable to believe’, and both are stronger than ‘reasonable to assume’. It is unlikely all of my deductions are correct!

Citations, Person Notes, and Marriage Notes are included in the copyright.

Names

When a surname is not known, it is recorded as "unknown" or "inconnu" (if known or likely to be of French heritage). In a few instances a surname ends in "?" indicating this is a possible surname but there is insufficient evidence.

Some Surname spellings change over time, namely: from Bourg to Bourque, deVaux to Devoe, Gudger to Goodyear, and Vacher (in England) to Vatcher (in Newfoundland). A Search may need to be done for each of these spelling variants.

When a forename is not known, it is recorded as "male" or "female", or "homme" or "femme" (if known or likely to be of French heritage).

French Names

Except for Bourg to Bourque and deVaux to Devoe, I have generally chosen the spelling of French names from Stephen A White's Dictionnaire Généalogique des Familles Acadiennes 1636-1714. So, I believe French surnames are consistently spelled.

French surname prefixes such as de, du, de la, la, and le are considered part of the surname.

French ancestors may have a "dit" (male) or "dite" (female) forename and/or surname. These are somewhat like nicknames and may originate from a personal attribute, profession, place of origin, forename of an ancestor, derivation of their forename, or some other reason. A "dit" surname is treated as part of the surname.

Using the Contains option in Search will identify those Persons with that "dit" surname. For example, a Contains Search for Surname Pouget or for Surname Lapierre both return Marguerite Pouget dit Lapierre. Contains Searches for forenames also include "dit" forenames.

I have used accented French letters for forenames and surnames. Such accents are not needed for Searches.